1 Corinthians 5:3
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
1 Corinthians 5:3
3 For I verily, as absent in body, but present in spirit, have judged already, as though I were present, concerning him that hath so done this deed,
Chapter Context
1 Corinthians 5 is a pastoral epistle chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of grace, prayer, holiness. Written during Paul's third missionary journey (c. 55 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The church existed in a prosperous, cosmopolitan, morally permissive Roman colony.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-13: Central message and teachings
This chapter is significant because it foreshadows Christ's work through typology and prophetic elements. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within 1 Corinthians and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
1 Corinthians 5:3
3 For I verily, as absent in body, but present in spirit, have judged already, as though I were present, concerning him that hath so done this deed,
Analysis
For I verily, as absent in body, but present in spirit—Paul's apostolic authority transcended physical presence. Though in Ephesus (16:8), he was spiritually united with the Corinthian church and could exercise apostolic judgment. Have judged already, as though I were present (ἤδη κέκρικα ὡς παρών)—the perfect tense kekrisa indicates a settled, completed decision. Paul didn't need more information; the facts were clear, and judgment was rendered.
Concerning him that hath so done this deed (τὸν οὕτως τοῦτο κατεργασάμενον)—the verb katergazomai suggests deliberate, ongoing action, not a one-time fall. This was persistent, unrepentant immorality. Paul's decisive judgment models pastoral courage—some situations demand immediate action, not endless deliberation. The church is called to judge those within (vv. 12-13), distinguishing truth from error, holiness from sin. Discipline isn't optional when the gospel's witness is at stake.
Historical Context
Paul wrote from Ephesus during his three-year ministry there (Acts 19-20), maintaining pastoral oversight of churches he founded. Ancient letters often substituted for personal presence, with apostolic letters carrying full authority. The Corinthians had sent him questions (7:1) and received reports from Chloe's household (1:11).
Reflection
- Do you have the courage to make clear judgments about sin, or do you delay hoping problems resolve themselves?
- How do you exercise discernment without becoming judgmental—judging actions while extending grace to persons?
- What role does spiritual authority play in the church, and how should it be exercised today?
Word Studies
- Spirit: πνεῦμα (Pneuma) G4151 - Spirit, wind, breath
Cross-References
- Spirit: Colossians 2:5
- Parallel theme: 1 Thessalonians 2:17